Core Concepts
Consensus
Reputation-gated BFT with slashable equivocation evidence.
Threshold
The default BFT threshold is 7-of-10, configurable per network. A withdrawal or state root is finalised once the threshold of valid signatures is observed.
Leader rotation
Leaders rotate per epoch using a deterministic schedule seeded from the on-chain randomness beacon. The leader is responsible for aggregating votes and submitting the final state update to Base.
Reputation
Each validator carries a reputation score derived from uptime, vote correctness and timeliness. Reputation gates voting weight and influences leader scheduling.
Slashing
- Equivocation — two conflicting signed votes for the same height: up to 100% of stake.
- Persistent unavailability — repeated missed votes across epochs: graduated burn.